Winter Olympic Games in Yugoslavia. Fourteenth Winter Olympic Games

07.06.202027.05.2017

Featured sports
Biathlon
Bobsled
Skiing
Skating
Nordic combined
Ski race
ski jumping
luge
Figure skating
Hockey

At the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, 1,581 athletes competed for 39 sets of Olympic medals, including 368 women from 49 countries.

IN cross-country skiing Scandinavian athletes had a traditional advantage: the Finnish team received 8 medals - 3 gold, 1 silver, 4 bronze; Sweden 5 medals - 3 gold, 1 silver, 1 bronze. The athletes of the USSR also had 5 medals - 1 gold and 4 silver. The Finnish athlete Hämälainen was recognized as the heroine of the Olympics, having won all three individual distances and was awarded a bronze medal for participating in the relay. Among the men, Gunde Svan of Sweden was the most successful, winning the 15 km race and also taking second place. gold medal in the relay race and prizes in races of 30 and 50 km. Representatives of four countries got gold medals: Finland - 3, Sweden - 3, USSR - 1, Norway - 1.

Skating competitions were also distinguished by fierce rivalry. Medals of various denominations went to representatives of six countries. However, the athletes of the GDR clearly dominated, having won 11 medals, with the main contribution women's team- victory at all four distances - a full East German podium at a distance of 3000 m. Karl Enke from the GDR achieved the best results in speed skating competitions - 2 gold and 2 silver medals, and Canadian Gaetan Boucher - two gold and one bronze. Two gold medals were awarded to: Fokichev at a distance of 500 m and Malkov at a distance of 10,000 m. The absence of representatives of the Netherlands among the winners was unusual. Athletes from four countries became the winners in skating: the GDR - 4 gold medals, the USSR - 2, Canada - 2, Sweden - 1.

In ski jumping, gold and silver medals went to two athletes: Jens Weisflog from the GDR, who won the 70-meter and took second place on the 90-meter springboard, and Matti Nyukänen from Finland - victory on the 90-meter and second place on 70 meter springboard.

In alpine skiing, the Americans, who were awarded most medals - 5, respectively 3 gold and 2 silver. Johnson won the men's downhill skiing, Mare won the slalom, and Americans Armstrong and Cooper won the first two places on the podium in the giant slalom. Golden Olympic medals won by representatives of three countries: USA - 3, Switzerland - 2, Italy - 2.

In biathlon, a clear advantage was shown by the representatives of Norway and Germany, who received three medals, one of each value. The Norwegian Kvalfoss won the 10 km race, Angerer from Germany won the 20 km race, and the USSR team was the first in the relay.

In bobsleigh, no one could resist the representatives of the GDR, who won the first two places, both in the two and in the four. Especially distinguished were Wolfgang Hoppe and Dietmar Schauerhammer, who became two-time Olympic champions.

IN figure skating on skates, all four gold medals went to representatives of different countries - Katharina Witt from the GDR, Scott Hamilton from the USA - in single skating, Joan Torvill and Christopher Dean from the UK - in ice dancing, Elena Valova and Oleg Vasiliev from the USSR - in pair skating. Athletes of the USSR traditionally won in pair skating, but the unique talent of an outstanding English dance couple moved the representatives of the USSR to second and third places.

In the luge competitions, the largest number of medals - 4, respectively 1 gold, 1 silver, 2 bronze, were also achieved by representatives of the GDR. The USSR national team has 3 medals - 2 silver and 1 bronze, one medal each - gold, athletes from Italy and Germany.

In Nordic combined, the podium was "Scandinavian". The winner was Tom Sandberg from Norway.

In the final match hockey tournament the USSR national team in a bitter struggle won a victory with a score of 2: 0 over the athletes of Czechoslovakia.

In the unofficial team standings, the first were the athletes of the USSR, having won 167 points. The second place went to the GDR team with 165 points. In third place were the successful performances of Finnish athletes. USSR athletes received the largest number of medals - 25, respectively 6 gold, 10 silver, 9 bronze, the GDR team had one medal less - 24, respectively 9 gold, 9 silver, 6 bronze. However, the GDR team won the most gold medals. The Finnish team received 13 medals - 4 gold, 3 silver, 6 bronze.

Sarajevo (Yugoslavia)

The 1984 Games were the first since the Spanish Marquis Juan Antonio Samaranch came to power in the IOC. Therefore, the competition was largely experimental. The Winter Olympics for the first and last time was won by a socialist country. True, the vote in which Sarajevo bypassed Gothenburg and Sapporo took place two years before the election of Samaranch. The arrival of the White Games in the Balkans was used as an excuse to expand the geography of snow and ice sports. The IOC has promised to sponsor a trip to Sarajevo for one athlete and one athlete from any country. As a result, in the winter sports forum hot powers such as Mexico, Egypt and Senegal debuted. The appearance on the slopes of an African skier was one of the shocks of the Olympics.

Venue: Sarajevo, Yugoslavia
February 7 - 19, 1984
Number of participating countries - 49
Number of athletes participating - 1272 (274 women, 998 men)
Medal sets - 39
Team Winner - GDR

The three main characters of the Games according to "SE"

Katarina Witt (GDR),
figure skating
Marya-Liisa Hämäläinen (Finland),
ski race
Zintis Ekmanis (USSR),
bobsled

BEFORE THE STORM

Seeing off Tretyak

The main event of the 1984 Games for Soviet sports was the victory of the USSR national team in the hockey tournament and the third Olympic gold in the career of the famous goalkeeper Vladislav Tretyak, who, after Sarajevo, completed international career. In the full-time duel, our hockey players failed to take revenge on the Americans for the “Miracle 1980” - the US team fell into another subgroup and did not reach the final stage. Viktor Tikhonov's team won all eight matches with a total score of 58:6. None of the opponents was able to hit the gates of the Soviet team more than once per match. Canadians have long sought the right to use players drafted in the NHL. But in the end, the founders of hockey were still left without Olympic medals.

Soviet skier Nikolai Zimyatov in an unequal battle with the Swede Gunde Swan managed to snatch the fourth Olympic gold in his career. The real hero of the Sarajevo ski track was the Finnish skier Marya-Liisa Hämäläinen, who overtook the Soviet favorite of the competition Raisa Smetanina and won all three individual distances. Subsequently, the iron finca, daughter of the 1960 Olympic champion in ski marathon Kalevi Hämäläinen will become the first woman in history to compete in six Olympics. At the same time, Marja-Liisa managed to avoid doping revelations that affected many of her rivals and teammates, as well as her husband, skier Harri Kirvisniemi.

For the first time in the history of the USSR, it lost its championship in dance duet competitions in figure skating - Natalya Bestemyanova and Andrei Bukin lost first place to the impeccable British Jane Torvill and Christopher Dean, who received 12 points from the judges for performing their "Bolero" maximum ratings 6.0 out of 18 possible. Serious competition for the champion dancers in terms of the number of fans was 19-year-old Katarina Witt, who quickly turned into the sex symbol of everything winter sports. The Western media will soon call Witt "the most beautiful face of socialism," and the Stasi (secret police of the GDR), having received the task of preventing the flight of the star to the West, will collect an eight-volume dossier of 1354 pages on the figure skater. However, shortly before the fall of the Berlin Wall, Katarina will still sign a contract with ice show in USA.

STEEP SLOPES

The battle of slender men - Finn Matti Nykanen and East German Jens Weisflog - marked a new trend in ski jumping. From this point on, the weight of all elite jumpers will begin to decline rapidly, which in the future will force the International ski federation fight "flying skeletons". new word in Olympic Movement there was also a performance on the ski slopes of Sarajevo by the Senegalese Lamin Geye, the first representative of Black Africa on Winter Games Oh. special sports success the African living in Paris did not achieve, but then took part in two more Olympics, and in the 2000s he became famous for loud speeches for expanding quotas for "small countries" during the selection for the Games.

On the mountain slopes of the 1984 Games, in general, many colorful characters gathered. Thus, Jure Franko, a student from Ljubljana, won silver for the hosts of the Olympics, Yugoslavia, the country's first award in the history of the Winter Games. In subsequent years, skiers from the former Yugoslav republics of Slovenia and Croatia will add another 15 Olympic awards. In the slalom at the 1984 Olympics, the two first places were taken by American twin brothers Phil and Steve Mare. And both performed against the backdrop of numerous injuries. Perhaps, an athlete from our team, Alexander Zhirov, who won third place in the overall World Cup standings in 1981, could compete with them. But a year before Sarajevo, the most talented Soviet skier died in a car accident at the age of 24.

Is Ancient Greece. In a distinctive and rich state, these competitions were part of a religious cult. More than two thousand years have passed since then, but the tradition of holding the Olympic Games every four years has not died out. Each time the number of countries wishing to participate in these competitions is growing.

Venue of the competition

In 2014, the winter ones were held in the Russian city of Sochi. Eighty-eight countries took part in this event. This is almost twice as much as Sarajevo, which hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics. At that time, this city was the capital of Yugoslavia. Sarajevo could hardly be called a modern metropolis. Rather, it was a huge village with narrow streets, the houses in which were comfortably located on the hills and hills. Until that time, the capital of Yugoslavia was famous for only one event: it was here that the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne was killed. This event was a turning point in the tense relations of the West, and as a result - the First World War began.

The first Winter Olympics on the territory of a socialist country

Then, until the end of the 70s of the 20th century, this city did not manifest itself in any way. In 1978, at a regular session, decided that winter Olympics 1984 will be held in Sarajevo. In order to carry out the opening and closing ceremonies of the games, as well as for some competitions, the largest sports stadium Asim Ferkhatovich-Khase. It is noteworthy that the 1984 Winter Olympics was the first event of this magnitude held on the territory of a socialist country.

Start of games

The opening ceremony of the competition took place on a frosty day in February on the eighth day. Some think otherwise. According to a small number of people, the beginning of the competition in a particular sport was the day when the 1984 Winter Olympics actually started. Hockey was the first game of the fourteenth games. It happened on the seventh of February. On that day, the USSR national team successfully advanced to the next stage, brilliantly beating Poland. The Soviet Union team became the champion of that year. In second place was the national team of Czechoslovakia.

Ten sports disciplines were offered to the attention of spectators and athletes at the 1984 Winter Olympics: figure skating, hockey, ski jumping, luge, biathlon, cross-country skiing, Nordic combined, bobsleigh, speed skating and skiing. In total, thirty-nine sets of medals were played.

medal standings

It is noteworthy that it was at these competitions that many new names were discovered. Alpine skiers especially excelled. The delight and joy of the residents of hospitable Yugoslavia knew no bounds when their compatriot, twenty-two-year-old Jure Franko, took a silver medal in the giant slalom competition. As later noted by the newspaper "Oslobodzhene", this victory was a worthy reward for years of hard work and preparation for the "white" games.

On February 19, the 1984 Winter Olympics were officially closed. The medal standings of the competition is as follows. In terms of the number of valuable prizes, the first step of the podium is occupied by the USSR. In total, the athletes of the national team won 25 awards. However, in terms of the number of gold medals, the largest socialist country lost to the GDR. won three more "yellow" awards. The 1984 Winter Olympics gave the United States only eight prizes. Norway received 9 medals, and Finland - 13. It is noteworthy that this time the Austrian team performed absolutely unsuccessfully. As a rule, this country has always sought excellent results V winter activities sports. But not at this time. Austrian athletes took away only one bronze medal.

Boycott by the countries of the socialist camp

In 1980, the Olympics were held in Moscow. 1984 gave the world (apart from the "white" games) also the summer games. They were held in the United States of America - in Los Angeles. It is noteworthy, but these competitions were boycotted by the socialist states. The reason for this lies in the tense relations between NATO and the countries of the socialist bloc. It is worth noting that initially in 1980, the republics with a democratic system boycotted the Olympics in Moscow. Thus, the absence of summer games 1984 of the national teams of the USSR and other countries was a response to America.

Of course, good reasons are needed to boycott such an event. Formally, the socialist cell of countries refused to participate in the 1984 competitions due to the refusal of the leadership of the organizing committee of the games to provide athletes with security guarantees.

It should also be noted that the boycott of the 1984 Olympics is a kind of step against the "Carter Doctrine". That, in turn, implies assistance to anti-Soviet rebels in Afghanistan.

Aeroflot does not fly, Georgia does not go ...

Back in the fall of 1983, the government of the Soviet Union sent a sports delegation to the United States to determine the state of sports facilities and places of future location of guests. Having revealed a huge number of shortcomings, the leadership of the countries of the socialist camp expressed concern about this occasion. The greatest excitement was caused by the refusal of the US government to moor the ship "Georgia" off the coast of the city. It was planned that a delegation of the USSR would live on board the ship. The second negative point was the ban on the landing of Soviet aircraft of the Aeroflot company.

A few months later, a resolution of the Politburo was issued, which contained clauses describing the inappropriateness of the presence of the USSR team at the 1984 Summer Olympics held in the USA. The pages of the document also contained measures aimed at suppressing discontent among the people and creating a favorable image of the Soviet Union (in comparison with the countries of the democratic bloc). Neighboring socialist countries were also invited to take part in the boycott. Instead of Summer Olympics In 1984, the Friendship-84 competition was held in Moscow. If we compare the performance of the two events, then the Soviet counterpart gave the world several times more world records than the games in the USA.

After the boycott of the 1984 Olympics, he issued a decree on sanctions against states that decided to continue to interfere with this kind of competition.

From February 8-23, 1984, the XIV Winter Olympic Games were held in Sarajevo (Yugoslavia). 1581 athletes (including 368 women) from 49 countries entered the fight for 39 sets of Olympic medals.

In cross-country skiing, Scandinavian athletes had a traditional advantage: the Finnish team received 8 medals (3 gold, 1 silver, 4 bronze), Sweden - 5 (respectively 3, 1, 1). The athletes of the USSR also had 5 medals (1, 4, 0). The Finnish athlete M.-L. Hämälainen, who won all three individual distances and received a bronze medal for participating in the relay. Among the men, Gunde Svan of Sweden was the most successful, winning the 15 km race, as well as a second gold medal in the relay and prizes in the 30 and 50 km races. Gold medals went to representatives of four countries - Finland (3), Sweden (3), USSR (1), Norway (1).

Skating competitions were also distinguished by fierce rivalry. Medals of various denominations went to representatives of six countries. However, the athletes of the GDR clearly dominated (11 medals), with the main contribution of the women's team (victory in all four distances - a complete East German podium at a distance of 3000 m). The best results in the speed skating competition were K. Enke from the GDR (2 gold and 2 silver medals) and Canadian Gaetan Boucher - two gold and one bronze. Two gold medals (S. Fokichev - 500 m and I. Malkov - 10,000 m) and nine medals in total were won by the USSR skaters. The absence of representatives of the Netherlands among the winners was unusual. The winners in skating were athletes from four countries - the GDR (4 gold medals), the USSR (2), Canada (2), Sweden (1).

In ski jumping, gold and silver medals went to two athletes - Jen Weisflog from the GDR (victory on the 70-meter and second place on the 90-meter springboard) and Matti Nykänen from Finland (victory on the 90-meter and second place on the 70-meter springboard). meter springboard).

In alpine skiing, the Americans, who won the most medals - 5 (respectively 3, 2, 0), were unexpectedly sharp rivals for the athletes of the Alpine states. W. Johnson won the downhill skiing among men, F. Mars - in the slalom, in the giant slalom the Americans D. Armstrong and K. Cooler took the first two places on the podium. Representatives of three countries won Olympic gold medals - the USA (3), Switzerland (2), Italy (2).

In biathlon, a clear advantage was shown by the representatives of Norway and Germany, who received three medals, one of each value. Norwegian E. Kvalfoss won the 10 km race, P. Angerer from Germany won the 20 km race, and the USSR team was the first in the relay.

No one could resist the bobsledders from the GDR, who won the first two places in both the two and the four. Hoppe and Dietmar Schauerhammer, who became two-time champions, were especially distinguished.

In figure skating, all four gold medals went to representatives of different countries - Katharina Witt (GDR), Scott Hamilton (USA) - in single skating, Joan Torvill and Christopher Dean (Great Britain) - in ice dancing, Elena Valovaya and Oleg Vasiliev ( USSR) - in pair skating. Athletes of the USSR traditionally won in pair skating, but the unique talent of an outstanding English dance couple moved the representatives of the USSR to second and third places.

In the luge competitions, the largest number of medals - 4 (respectively 1, 1, 2) were also won by representatives of the GDR. The USSR national team - 3 medals (2 silver and 1 bronze), one medal (gold) for the athletes of Italy and Germany.

In Nordic combined, the podium was "Scandinavian", and Tom Sandberg (Norway) won.

In the final match of the hockey tournament, the USSR national team in a bitter struggle won a victory (2: 0) over the athletes of Czechoslovakia.

Photo: AFP

In the unofficial team standings, the first were the athletes of the USSR - 167 points. The second place was taken by the GDR team - 165 points, the third place was taken by the successful Finnish athletes. USSR athletes received the most medals - 25 (respectively 6, 10, 9), the GDR team had one medal less - 24 (9, 9, 6). However, the GDR team won the most gold medals. The Finnish team received 13 medals (4, 3, 6).

Information provided by the Russian Olympic Committee.

Another example of the uselessness and abandonment of Olympic facilities is Sarajevo, where the 1984 Winter Olympics were held. But unlike Athens, there is a completely different story and reasons. Less than ten years after the end of the games, war broke out in Yugoslavia, and this territory was ceded to Bosnia. During the fighting, many Olympic venues were completely destroyed or abandoned and fell into deep decay. What is with them now, you can see in this post.

The symbol of the Olympics was chosen in an open competition, in which the Slovenian illustrator Josef Trobets won, and the wolf cub Vuchko became the symbol.

Another symbol of the Olympics is the angular snowflake that still adorns Sarajevo's urban landscape. The wolf cub and the snowflake are still in high demand among tourists, in souvenir shops and antique shops you can even now buy paraphernalia with these symbols. For example, I bought a magnet with Vuchko. In Athens, I have not seen this, although the Olympics were held there not so long ago in relation to Sarajevo.

The objects of the Olympic Games are scattered in different parts of the city and beyond, so to see everything, you need to travel very well and spend a lot of time. Given that we were in our car, it took almost the whole day. For those tourists who are going to Sarajevo without a car, please note that no one goes to these objects public transport. There is an option to buy the services of a guide, which will cost a pretty penny, a taxi or ride a ride. The most easily accessible object - the stadium, where the opening and closing ceremonies of the games took place, is located in the very center of Sarajevo. Nearby is a pole with the symbols of the Olympic Games, which is now used to advertise McDonald's, whose logo is placed on the side.

The park and the area near the stadium were turned into a cemetery during the war.

Another wartime photo, against the backdrop of the Kosevo stadium, where all the ceremonies took place.

Now this area looks like this.

The stadium was restored in 1998 after all. But, unfortunately, not all Olympic venues have found a new life.

Next interesting object- bobsleigh and toboggan runs at Mount Trebevic. At the entrance to them, you can see elements of the gutter, which, apparently, served as a demonstration.

Interestingly, in Yugoslavia there has never been a bobsleigh sport, so the track was built from scratch, and team members were recruited from representatives of other sports.

The track, built in just a year, has become the pride of Yugoslavia. Encircling Mount Trebevich, repeated its natural landscape.

A record-breaking $10 million was spent on the construction, which was carried out according to all international standards. In the future, it was planned to create on its basis sports school and continue to train Yugoslav athletes for the next competition. By the way, World Cup competitions and national championships were still held on this bobsleigh track.

But 1991 came. And during the war, the military used a steep modern track with comfortable sides to organize artillery firing points.

Now it has become a favorite place for adventurers, as well as creativity and street art connoisseurs. I am not a fan of such art, but in some places it is very beautiful.

Acceleration place

To be honest, before I got acquainted with this track, I was never fond of bobsledding and did not even think that the gutter was designed in such a way as to be able to change the configuration of the track.

This is what the systems that provide this opportunity look like

We were able to walk the entire route.

It is advised not to leave the concrete gutter, mines can still be found in the forest.

During our walks, we met one person with a metal detector, who, apparently, was looking for them. Treasure in these places can only be found like this.

By the way, from the very top of Mount Trebevič, a stunning view of the entire city opens up.

The most distant object is ski jumps in the town of Malo Pole on Mount Igman.

On the way to the ski jumps, you can see the Igman Hotel, built for the Olympic Games. The building is huge and with unusual architecture. During the war, it was used by Muslim Bosniaks as a prison for Serbian soldiers. As a result, in 1993, the building, used for less than 8 years, was burned down. After the end of the war, the government tried many times to sell the hotel. In 2004, the price was 2.5 million euros. Buyers were never found, which is not surprising.

A little more from the hotel and you are already near the ski jumps.

The most interesting thing can be seen if you climb to the very top.

Down the crumbling and overgrown steps

Symbol of the Olympics

From the top there is an amazing view

I don't know about you, but I always get creepy when viewed from above the springboard. Of what metal should the eggs of the athletes who jump from here be made?