Must be installed on a flat, level area, capable of carrying 450 - 700 kg (depending on model) per square meter. When installing in rooms with a fire-fighting spray system, make sure that the spa is out of the reach of the water spray heads, as prolonged exposure to water on the pool liner can damage both the body and the electrical equipment. It is not recommended to install a spa in the immediate vicinity of heating devices, as well as floor heating under the pool. If you plan to install a pool on a balcony, then it must be a solid structure, that is, built into the main wall.

It is very important to choose the right place for installation, taking into account the landscape, architecture and style. It should be borne in mind that moving the pool after installation and connection will be extremely difficult, and in most cases simply impossible. Given the extensive experience gained by our company, we can recommend you several possible installation options when buying a spa pool.

First option - the simplest and does not require any engineering solutions. You simply install the SPA pool in any place convenient for you. As a rule, in this case, the pool touches the wall on one side, or is located in a corner, or is surrounded by walls on three sides. It should be noted that the freer the access, the more convenient it is to use and maintain the pool.

Second option - the pool is partially deepened or recessed to the floor level. With this option, you get rid of the inconvenience associated with climbing stairs and stepping over the side. Since in this case the pool is immured into the floor, it must be taken into account that it is not possible to move it in the future.

Third option - the most successful from the point of view of designers and widely used in practice is the installation on the podium. In this case, it is desirable to provide the possibility of approaching the pool from two, and preferably from three sides.

Please note that regardless of the installation option you choose, it is necessary to provide access to the equipment compartment. The equipment compartment is usually located behind a removable wooden case panel, which is located under the control panel. The control panel is an electronic device with an LCD display, buttons and operation mode indicators. If the pool is installed in

U-shaped niche, when the equipment compartment is located on the side of the wall, be sure to provide access to it through a hole, hatch or hole in the wall.

It is extremely important in all cases to exclude the penetration of moisture under the pool bowl.

ELECTRICAL CONNECTION

The pool is connected to a single-phase three-wire (phase, neutral, protective wire) 220 W AC mains, through a circuit breaker (automatic) with a rated current of 25 ... 30 A (or more, depending on the model) and a residual current device ( RCD) with a rated current of 25 ... 30, (40) A and a tripping current I equal to 30 mA using three wires with a cross section of at least 4 sq. mm. You can also use a differential machine (automatic + RCD in one case) with the same nominal parameters. The latter will simplify the connection scheme and allow you to switch the electric power supply of the pool with one key.

The electric cable, as a rule, is brought into the pool through the hole provided for this in the left side (if you stand facing the control panel). If this is not acceptable for any reason, then two other options are possible:

1. Since the SPA, as a rule, touches the wall with at least one side, it is convenient to make the cable connection through this side, having previously drilled a hole in it. After that, having removed the cladding, bring the cable to the equipment compartment with a margin of 2 meters and install the cladding back.

2. The cable is walled into the floor and led out under the pool in the area of ​​the equipment compartment with a margin of 2 meters.

The cable must be in a metal conduit (or in a plastic sleeve).

Reduced and / or unstable voltage in the network can lead to failure of electrical equipment. In the case of installing a pool in a country cottage, where the supply voltage is usually chronically low, we recommend installing a powerful stabilizer to ensure the normal operation of the SPA and other expensive electrical equipment.

If the pool is installed on outdoors provide a backup (autonomous) power supply to prevent freezing of water in the SPA (during the cold season) in case of emergency shutdown of the main source for a long time. You can also prevent this unpleasant situation by timely draining the water from the spa.

Standard wiring diagram

SANITARY CONNECTION

Water is poured into the pool through the top using a hose or through a wall-mounted faucet with a long spout. At the same time, you should pay attention to the fact that the mixer does not interfere with people in the pool. Do not install the faucet on board so that it does not interfere with the cover of the pool.

Drainage of the pool is carried out by gravity, for which the design provides a valve. It is located behind the pool deck. Fitting is screwed to the valve

(available in the scope of delivery). A suitable hose is connected to this fitting for draining water into the sewer.

At your request, the drain can be cut into the bottom of the pool (paid service). The drain insert should be discussed with the master installer in advance, prior to installation. It is possible to drain the pool using a submersible (pumping) pump. This will simplify and speed up the procedure for changing the water.

Plumbing options

Option 1

Option 2

After half an hour bathing one person in the pool, about 30,000 microorganisms are added to the water, plus particles of skin and hair. In outdoor pools, dust, leaves, and various small insects are also added. All this "compote" serves as excellent food for the development of microorganisms. Previously, the problem was solved either by a complete replacement of water, or by the settlement of living creatures that fed on microorganisms.

Today it is expensive to change water regularly, and few people want to swim with living creatures. There is only one way out - the organization of water circulation and its purification with the help of filter units. According to the method of water selection, pools are of two types: overflow and skimmer. In any of them, water for cleaning is taken from the top and from the bottom. The fence from the bottom is the same, but from the surface in different ways.

In overflow pools, the water splashed out of the bowl enters specially arranged drains, which direct it to the tank, and from there it is supplied for filtration. This is their feature: the water mirror is on the same level with the side. Since most of the pollution is in the upper layer, the most polluted part of it also enters the drain. But if there is no movement in the pool, there is no water flow, and therefore it cannot be cleaned. This scheme is suitable for stationary pools. It is not applicable to her.

In skimmer pools, special suction holes are located in the upper part of the walls. If the structure is not stationary, then the skimmers are hung on the side, immersed to a shallow depth. With this type of intake, the water mirror is 20-30 cm below the upper edge of the side. With this type of water withdrawal for purification, there are also disadvantages: pollution is poorly removed from the surface, since the suction nozzles are lower.

In any case, part of the pollution settles, precipitating at the bottom. To remove this sediment, water must also be taken from below, and then fed to the filter. To do this, at least one water intake hole is arranged at the bottom. The number of openings depends on the amount of water in the pool, the level of soiling and the intensity of use. In this case, the rule must be observed: 75% of water is supplied to the filter from the upper layers, 25% through the bottom water intake.

Additional function bottom holes- draining the water in the pool. Such a procedure is needed if it is preserved for the winter, major cleaning and disinfection is required.

Water from the pool enters the coarse pre-filter, then the circulation pump delivers it to the filter station, where it is more finely purified. Further, a device for heating water, as well as a bacterial purification device (chlorine generator or ozonizer) can be installed in the system. After all the manipulations, clean and warm, it falls into the bowl.

The location of the entry zones depends on the type of pool. When taken through the skimmers, purified water is supplied through the holes located on the opposite wall from the skimmers, and in the overflow - at the bottom. Such an arrangement of water injection zones contributes to the fact that water circulates evenly throughout the volume, which means it is better cleaned.

Pump power calculation

The efficiency of the cleaning system is provided by the pump: it drives the water in a circle. Their parameters are selected based on the volume of the pool, the number of swimmers and the time during which it will be included in the network.

In a small artificial reservoir for domestic use, the liquid should be pumped through the filters 3-5 times per day. Based on these parameters, you determine the required pump performance. Just keep in mind that the equipment will not work for 24 hours (this is not a public pool), but no more than 5-12 hours. So its power should be enough so that during this time the water is as good as possible large quantity once cleared.

For example, in a pool of 10 m 3 of water. The equipment will work for 4 hours. 10m 3 will be pumped four times during operation. It turns out that 40 cubic meters should be “pumped” in 4 hours. 40 m 3 / 4 hours \u003d 10 m 3 / hour. It turns out that to solve the problem, you need a pump and a filter that can process at least 10 cubic meters per hour. This is the required pump capacity for a given pool with this mode of operation.

Types of filters for swimming pools

Filters are used to purify the water in the pool. They are distinguished by the material used for filtering. They happen:

• mechanical,
• chemical,
• combined,
• electrophysical.

Mechanical filters

Sand is usually used as a filter element, a special membrane (woven or not), Activated carbon. Their principle of operation is simple: passing through a layer of sand, a membrane or a layer of coal, most of the pollution settles on them. At the outlet, we have water without most of the impurities, which is returned to the pool. This is an option for water purification without chemicals, but it is acceptable only for small volumes of water: no more than 10 m 3.

Depending on the material used for filtration, mechanical filters are:

Electrophysical filters for swimming pools

Electrophysical filters for swimming pools appeared not so long ago. They use ozone, ultraviolet radiation, copper and silver ions for purification.

Water purification in the pool with ozone- one of the most harmless and environmentally friendly ways. The process uses the powerful oxidizing power of ozone, which, passing through the water, destroys all bacteria without changing the composition of the water. During the reaction, ozone is released into the atmosphere.

Advantages of this method:

• The high oxidizing activity of ozone destroys almost all harmful organisms.
• When processed in water, the amount of oxygen increases, which leads to the absence of odors.

Not bad, but there are significant drawbacks:

• Ozonation requires a special installation. She is expensive.
• An overdose of ozone is harmful to the body. For the concentration to be safe, it should be no more than 0.03 mg / m3, that is, three and a half times less than chlorine. The situation is complicated by the fact that the effect of this substance on the body has not yet been fully explored, and what is known does not inspire optimism. In Germany, for example, the use of new installations is prohibited.

Way pool water purification with silver and copper based on the process of electrolysis. As a result, non-ferrous metal ions are released into the water, destroying bacteria and algae. Water at the same time does not change its composition, does not change color or smell. The disadvantage of this cleaning method is one - it cannot neutralize fungi.

The scheme for cleaning and disinfecting the pool in this case is simple: after the filter, a container is installed with electrodes made of the corresponding metal, to which direct current is supplied. The ions they knock out and disinfect the water.

Usage ultraviolet radiation- Another way to purify water in the pool without chemicals. Everyone knows the effectiveness of ultraviolet light, but this method will not work in cloudy or heavily polluted water. This processing method saves all beneficial features water, but the effect does not last long: microorganisms that have entered the water after treatment successfully multiply. Therefore, this method is recommended to be combined with any type of reagents.

Chemical treatment of water in the pool

Chemical filtration systems purify water using reagents and can carry out one or more operations at the same time (depending on the model). For high-quality cleaning of the pool, it is recommended to carry out a whole range of activities:

For primary water purification when using chemical filters, nets, nets, vacuum cleaners are used, which do a good job of cleaning large particles. Reagents handle the rest.

Combined Filtration Systems

Combined filtration systems contain both mechanical and chemical filters. Since this pleasure is expensive (and the equipment itself and filters / reagents), such systems are installed in large and public pools. If you put a sand filter, and after it, for example, an installation with ultraviolet, this will be a combined system. Since there are many devices, there can be many combinations. Below is a drawing of a water filtration and disinfection system in a large stationary pool. In addition to a sand or cartridge filter, there is:

• heat exchanger, with which for;
• circulation pump providing the required pressure;
• ozonation systems (3), ultraviolet treatment (2) and chlorination (4).

Only such a multi-component treatment can guarantee the safety of water in public pools, and even then not 100%. But for a small pool in a bath, it is quite enough to use mechanical filters and periodically drain the water, carry out mechanical, and maybe chemical cleaning of the bottom and walls of the pool.

Types and manufacturers of pumps for water filtration

No pool water filtration system will work without a pump. In most cases, filters are already supplied with the pumps, since the parameters of their operation must be coordinated: if the filter cannot cope with the water flow supplied by the pump, it will work with overloads and will soon fail.

Pool pumps according to the type of action can be divided into:

• Circulating. Installed in front of the filter. This is the option when you buy the filter separately and the pump separately.
• Self-priming or submersible. This type of pump goes down into the pool and from there delivers water through a hose to the filter. This type is good for picking up dirt from the bottom. It can be used for temporary pools - frame and inflatable, since cleaning the bottom is difficult in them.
• Filtering. This is a filter station - a set of filter and pump.

For swimming pools in the bath, it is advisable to use pumps with built-in filters. In them, the primary rough purification of water from the largest impurities takes place. Filter pumps of the latest generations are small in size and quite powerful devices. For example, one of the market leaders, Intex, offers filter pumps that can pump from 2 m 3 to 9.5 m 3 per hour.

Bestway manufactures filter pumps that pump 2 to 3 cubic meters of water per hour. For a small pool in the bath, only such equipment may well be enough. But keep in mind that they cannot pump water from the pool and remove pollution from the bottom. But two devices - filter + pump - will cost several times cheaper than steam - a pump and a filter station, and dirt and silt from the bottom can be removed with a vacuum cleaner, the drain system can be thought out so that it works without a pump. There is also another way - to take a more powerful pump so that the dirt does not have time to settle, but is picked up in the upper layers.

But for those who like to have all the auxiliary work carried out by automation, the filter station is great option. Dear, really. A filter station is a set of filter and pump, which may have several additional functions:

There are two types of filtering stations for swimming pools: mounted and ground. Mounted are simply hung on the side and plugged into a 220 V network, suitable for stationary and frame ones. Only ground variants can work with inflatables.

Mounted filters for stationary pools are good because there is no need to make holes in the walls for nozzles. This is a great way out if you forgot to install embedded parts and didn’t let down the water supply and drainage pipes. In this case, there is no need to break the bowl and embed the necessary fittings.

Pumps for pools with a steel casing are almost never produced. This is due to the peculiarities of their use: steel actively comes into contact with oxygen, chlorine and many other cleaning agents. Therefore, they are produced mostly from plastic, if the models are made of copper. Steel housings can be seen in filter stations that purify water using only ultraviolet light without the use of any reagents.

DIY pool water filter

The filter itself is a simple device and there are several homemade options that will maintain the normal state of the water in a small pool.

Floating filter for a small pool in the bath

For such a device, you will need a piece of polypropylene pipe about 2.5-3 meters with a diameter of 50 mm, a corner of the same diameter, one or more cartridges that are used for water purification (their diameter is 50 mm, and therefore the diameter of the pipe is the same), a pump and a hairpin M12 with a thread of the desired length. How does such a filter work? At the bottom of the pipe, the pump pumps water, it passes through the filters and pours back into the pool through the corner.

We drill a hole in the cartridges and the corner, string them on a hairpin, insert them into the pipe. We bring the pin through the hole in the corner to the outside and then fix it with a nut. The pump is quite suitable from those used for aquariums. It is connected to the lower end of the pipe. Do-it-yourself pool filter assembled. To make it "floating" at the top and bottom, you can attach several pieces of high-density foam.

Not the most productive unit, but it is very simple, inexpensive and does not require connecting a bunch of hoses.

DIY sand filter for the pool

The design of the sand filter is simple and uncomplicated: a plastic or metal container is filled with various fractions of sand, on which polluting particles settle.

It is problematic to use metal for the filter housing: it is subject to corrosion, and if you use water purification preparations at least periodically, it will certainly react with them. So it is better to choose a plastic container. If you find it with an airtight closing lid, solve a lot of problems. Sand for the pool filter can be bought in specialized stores. You can, of course, try to use river sand, but definitely not quarry sand: it can clog the pump.

The photo below shows a cross section of a sand filter. This is one of the options. Water is supplied to upper part, passing through the sand, it is cleaned, and below through a system of thin tubes in which small holes are drilled, it is collected and discharged through the second branch pipe.

The design can be made even simpler. Then the supply pipe or hose is connected through the cover. Water withdrawal can also be only with a hose connected at the bottom of the tank. To prevent sand from being sucked in with water, it can be covered with a filter cloth in several layers. But such a system is not very effective: this piece of fabric will clog quickly. You can solve the problem if you make microscopic holes in the bottom, and install another container below, into which already filtered water will flow. In this case, the outlet pipeline is connected not at the very bottom, but a little higher, so that the grains of sand that still get into the tank settle, and clean water is supplied to the pool.

The pump can be placed either to pump water from the pool or to pump it out of the barrel. Both schemes work. Whichever one you think is more effective, use it. Two strong hoses will need to be connected to the barrel: through one, contaminated water will be supplied to the barrel, and through the other, purified water will be discharged. To ensure maximum cleaning, it is desirable to dilute them as far as possible. Ideally - in opposite corners of the pool. This will ensure good circulation.

Conclusions. Large pools are not only expensive to build, but also expensive to maintain. For small pools in the bathhouse or near it, it is quite enough to purchase a filter pump, a filter station with quartz sand (a more expensive option) or make a sand filter yourself.